Saving Private Ryan Сoursework

‘Saving Private Ryan' is an academy award winning film set during the time of D-Day invasion in World War 2. It was made in 1998 and was directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat. It was a very successful film and won 5 Oscars. Spielberg has made this film to make the audience feel the essence of war and the effects behind it. Spielberg also focussed on making it more realistic and to make the audience a part of the movie. The film is notable for its opening 24 minutes as it contains high level intensity, which depicts the Omaha beachhead assault, June 6, 1944. In this essay I will be looking at how Spielberg uses presentational devices to create ‘chaos and realism at all times. ‘ ‘Saving Private Ryan' begins with a single brass instrument playing a slow melchonly sound which gradually builds up to orchestral music. This sounds like the last stand and is reminiscent of funerals. The American flag is shown waving with light shinning through it representing patriotism, power and pride. Then a medium shot is used on an old man as he is walking towards the cemetery, in search of something, with his family walking behind him and looking at him. Then a series of establishing shots show the background imagery and a lot of crosses. The crosses are white, (symbolising innocence and purity) and are in lines as if soldiers are standing there. The camera then slowly zooms into the mans face as he has fallen to the ground, weeping beside the place he was searching for. This shows his feelings of unhappiness and shows that he is upset. This also makes the audience question, why is he in that state of emotion. The music also adds tension to the atmosphere. The sound then switches to waves and bombings as the film heads into the next scene. This scene shows a connection between the mans face, the graveyard and D-Day. It also builds tension, which is slowly portrayed with an emotional atmosphere. The next scene begins with the sound of waves crashing against Higgins boats which are taking American soldiers towards the beaches of Normandy. The audience have already been told that this action is set on June 6, 1944, the date of the d-day landings. A close up of a soldiers shaking hand is shown as he takes a drink from his water bottle. The audience may feel that he is scared, reversing the model of a typical war hero. Other closes up shots of soldiers are shown to introduce briefly the characters who will be important later in the film. The sound of soldiers vomiting and of orders being given can be heard going off. This makes the audience feel nervous on the soldier's behalf. As the doors of the boats open the audience are confronted immediately with the deaths of the soldiers. Some men slip under water to escape the bombardment and the camera follows. The sound changes as the audience see men being shot, or drowned under the weight of their own packs. An over the shoulder shot is used to show the German armies power and control as they are shooting the men. As the main character, Tom Hanks, makes his way through the beach, he goes into a state of shock as he witnesses the carnage around him. A medium shot is used to show a man searching for his arm, which has been blown off. A long shot shows the deaths of several men who are on fire. The colour of the fire stands out against the dull colours of the scene. The fact that Tom Hank's character is in a state of shock reinforces the image of a non-typical war hero. The following scene begins with a medium shot on Tom Hanks as he is brought back into reality. He looks around and sees carnage everywhere and soldiers shooting at each other. Then a long shot is used showing the imagery in the background and the essence of war. Soon after the soldiers are shown heading towards the beach, trying to get close to the Germans. This is shown in an extreme long shot which also shows the impact of them heading there and everything that was happening at the time. A medium shot is used as Captain Miller is dragging another soldier who is in pain and in desperate need of help. At this point the scene is put into slow motion as a deafening sound is played. This makes the audience feel shocked and on edge as the scene is put into slow motion. The director wants the audience to know that despite war hitting the American soldiers, they have not lost hope and courage and they are persevering with the circumstance. This shows that the Americans will continue to work with each other and try and emerge victorious against the opposing Germans. The war is then shown in several different long shots to show the chaos because of the war and to show the soldiers trying to seek refuge as some of the soldiers are in pain and agony. The close ups shows the emotions, feelings and the fear that they are having. We also see action from the Germans point of view as an over the shoulder shot is used to show the Germans advantage of shooting down at the Americans and trying to kill them. This is included to show the audience how the Germans are in control and when all the action is happening, the camera shakes, to make them feel the action. Soon after high angle shots are used to show medics on the battlefield trying to help the wounded men. Everyone is helpless as blood is scattered on the camera. The director chooses to add this to make it more realistic and exaggerated shots of soldiers being blown into pieces adds to this. Later, the Americans try to climb up the hill to shoot gunfire at the opposing soldiers at the top shooting down at them. Panning is used to show the audience what war would be like as if they were there and it makes them feel that they are involved in the action. As the American soldiers are getting into position a handheld camera is brought in to, again show the essence of war. As one soldier gets around to the side of the hill to get an accurate aim at the Germans shooting down, an extreme close up shot is used to show the level of concentration that he is using in killing the Germans. The soldier aims at the Germans and recites some prayers as he tries to get an accurate shot. He takes a deep breath before pulling the trigger of his gun and killing them. Throughout this scene, a handheld camera and panning is used as Spielberg wanted the audience to feel as part of the movie. The shooting continues in the next scene as the Americans appear to be in control. This is because they are running up the hill as the Germans at the top off the hill are still falling down. This is displayed using a medium shot. Soldiers are shown running towards their trenches in a long shot, showing that they are striving and are need of help in order to win the war despite the fact that they can now go to the top of the hill with decreased difficulty from before. This shows that they are cooperating and are working together to defeat the Germans. This symbolises to the audience that there is a ray of hope for the Americans winning. Later, German prisoners are shown being shot, as they are trying to surrender because they know that they have lost. This is shown from a medium close up angle and then is zoomed in as a close up shot so that the audience can see the agony the Germans are facing, as they are getting shot. The Americans are shown getting revenge by shooting and killing the prisoners. Spielberg chose to add this so that he could make the audience either sympathise with the Germans or feel relief and satisfaction because the allied forces are proving to be dominant at this point. Soon after screams can be heard as there are large explosions being given off, fire is everywhere burning soldiers and machine guns firing. It was carnage. The tables are turned when we see the Americans in total dominance as they begin to shoot at the German soldiers as they are shown dying and suffering. Then we see a soldier collecting sand and dust of the ground. He is holding 3 silver tins, and is filling one of them. These tins may represent three countries where he has possibly been to war at as they were labelled, Italy, Africa and France. This man is probably collecting this sand as a memorial and a remembrance to the war. One soldier is shown weeping over the death of hi fellow soldiers. He also possesses a Hitler youth knife, which could be important to him. As the scene heads for an end we see Tom Hanks in an extreme zoom in on his eyes showing his emotions as dramatic music begins to play. The battle field is shown in extreme long shots as the audience can see the devastation on it. The audience see the dead bodies scattered everywhere on the beach, with some being washed away by the shore. The scene ends with the camera zooming into Private Ryan's backpack. Saving Private Ryan is undoubtedly one of the best movies made on the d-day invasion. Spielberg clearly shows the essence of the war and has made the audience feel how war would be. The film is well known around the world and it is truly epic. It is concise to the point and the opening 24 minutes reflect on how excellent the movie is, as there is a lot of intensity. This is why it has won so many awards and nominations, topping them with 5 Oscars. Overall I think Saving Private Ryan is a great movie and Spielberg has used a wide range of camera shots and angles to get his message across to people and that is why Spielberg has been very successful with it. Spielberg clearly used a variety of presentational devices and has produced an authentic movie, which will be remembered for a long time.

Falcon Computer Essay

Falcon managers documented that the company’s communications is an open kind of communication, but why did they always hold a meeting with an executive panel. Quality was said to be the most important of all, in a sense that they delivered damaged-free computers to customers; in contrast, two out of four defective computers were used in one of their trainings. Despite the fact that the employees, like Peter Richards, knows about the inconsistency between their values and behavior, they choose to behave. Because normally when we talk of our values, these are the things that we strongly feel about. These are the things we are either for or against. And it’s often easier to think of what we are for rather than what we are against. This is because we feel positive energy when we are working on what we are for. Even if our values are negative, we can be stronger and more focused by expressing it positively. The way Falcon values formulated is a technique involving the advocacy of a behavior that is opposite to the one existing with the expectation that this approach will encourage the employees of the persuasion to believe that they are working in an ideal environment against the existing reality. With this, executives possibly would like to hide the flaws of the company. They would want the employees to be positively motivated by satisfying themselves to a blind belief that there are no problems at all. And when the company closed, the employee will just have thought that this is something they have seen before and have not done anything because of the hope that a positive change might happen in between.

Brief Guide on conducting projects involving Hazardous Materials

The faculty of projects involving dangerous biological materials (including recombinant DNA), radioactive materials or hazardous chemical waste must be approved beforehand and comply with all relevant government regulations. SIUC 's Environmental Health and Safety Center (453 - 7180) oversees the following approval committees and supervises compliance. In-house biosafety committee and biosafety officer of Biosafety SIUC are responsible for ensuring that faculty members engaged in dangerous biomaterial research comply with recently published federal and state research standards. Hazardous Substance Management 13. Harmful substances may be used as raw materials or produced by projects. In case unavoidable, the customer avoids or minimizes release of dangerous goods. In this case, it is necessary to evaluate the production, transportation, handling, storage and use of hazardous materials for project activities. If hazardous substances are intended to be used for manufacturing processes or other tasks, the customer considers a less dangerous alternative. Customers avoid manufacturing, trading and using chemical substances and hazardous materials prohibited by international ban or law. Toxicological effects of hazardous substances may be local or systemic. Local injuries include parts of the body that come into contact with dangerous substances and are usually caused by reactive or corrosive chemicals such as strong acids, bases, oxidants, etc. Systemic lesions include tissues or organs that are unrelated to or removed from the contact site when the toxin is transported through the bloodstream. Certain hazardous substances may affect target organs. Physical effects of substances also depend on acute or chronic toxicity. Acute toxicity can occur with a single brief exposure, but this is usually very rapid and usually reversible. Long-term repeated exposure can cause chronic toxicity. The effect is usually lagging progressive and may be irreversible Annex C Hazardous Materials HAZMAT In consideration of the technical nature of the threat, NRT-1 of the National Response Team, Dangerous Goods Emergency Planning Guidelines and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Hazard Analysis Technology Guidelines to Address the HAZMAT Plan's Needs It must be used as a main source of information. Other useful guidelines include the Department of Transportation (DOT), the co-issued chemical analysis procedure manual of EPA and FEMA, and the planning part of the DOT agreement and coordinated FEMA's public sector hazardous material training guidelines. . The planning team should use the guide and this annex to complete the hazard analysis and to identify the unique planning requirements to be addressed at the EOP. Hazardous substance hazard work definition

Evaluate the contributions of Dr. W.E.B. Du Bois to the Harlem Essay

Evaluate the contributions of Dr. W.E.B. Du Bois to the Harlem Renaissance - Essay Example Following his call for racial pride, a movement called the United Negro Improvement Association was formed, turning most Blacks into adopting the socialist and communist social practices (Gifford 2). The movement preceded a united front of African Americans from all social and economic points unwilling to settle for further oppressions. This rebellion received unprecedented publishing job opportunities among the African Americans. Activists like W. E. B. Du Bois used this opportunities to influence and motivate the people into racial consciousness and pride. Harlem Renaissance’s artistic output had two ideologies; one presented by Du Bois and others who saw artistic art as a platform where talented African Americans could lead in the fight for equality (Gifford 4). Du Bois contributed heavily towards the organization of the Niagara Movement, an assembly of black leaders opposed to the Washingtons leadership and was committed to fighting for civil equality for African Americans. This movement, however, never achieved a firm institutional foundation except for that it signaled a new black assertiveness and contributing directly to the establishment of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Du Bois moved to New York City where he took office as the director of publicity for NAACP his role being to edit its monthly journal, ‘The Crisis’ (Gifford 3). Organized economic and political movements helped the Harlem Renaissance by creating a new sense of power (Gifford 4). In his work The New Negro, Du Bois exudes a sense of social pride that was the theme in the Harlem Renaissance. Du Bois emphasizes the need for a united race in conquering discrimination. Using his artistic wits and social privileges, Du Bois provided a liberating step in the search for Africa American cultural identity and on their terms. Using Negro Art, he argued that

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc - Essay Example Myriads of complaints have been leveled against once Americas most admired companies. The sheer magnitude of these claims seems to tumble leading giant in retail outlet if not considered by the management. The claims range from one outlet to another and from one country to another. The frequency and prevalence of such claims amongst states and different outlets point out to some truth. Perhaps one of the most conspicuous claims about Wal-Mart is its low price strategy and its unintended consequence of forcing other retail outlets out of the market. Arguably, it 's hard to compete with Wal-Mart. Many outlets that operate close to Wal-Mart concur on that fact. It has been no surprise that whenever Wal-Mart opens an outlet in town, other local retail outlets are forced to close their business or relocate. The competition is intense and most businesses have cried out about Wal-Mart negative pricing on the market prices. As part of the sustainability agenda, Wal-Mart requires its supplier maintain a set standard of sustainability. The move intends to save the consumers and others stakeholders from the high-costs associated with packaging and shipping expenses. This has, however, not worked well the supplier with most of them closing the business and turning to other areas. For instance, an analysis done by Wal-Mart suppliers indicated that 80 % of its suppliers are located in China. The bargaining power of the largest multinational has forced them to move to other regions.

Frontlines Black Money Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Frontlines Black Money - Essay Example From the perspective of a high-end chauffeur, it then details the lavish expenditures that accompanied the lifestyles of the Saudi princes immediately after the arms deal was completed and how he was instructed to refer all expenses to BAE. It then discusses how the Foreign Corruption Practices (FCPA) was formed in the United States during the Carter administration and how it makes United States laws against bribery the most strict in the world. Later, because of competitive disadvantages American companies were experiencing, the international community created the OECD to make it a world-wide offense. Even with these policies intact, large companies, such as BAE and the German company Siemens still found ways to work around the system. It discusses the Department of Justice’s (DOJ) 500 million dollar fine of KBR, a Halliburton subsidiary, for breaking United States anti-bribery laws. Eventually, a full scale investigation is launched by British investigators into the BAE scan dal and unearths a world-wide multi-billion dollar series of slush funds. An investigation is launched into BAE practices in Switzerland. Just as the investigation is supposed to unearth potent information, Prince Bandar visits with Tony Blair and informs him that if the investigation continues then the Saudis will stop cooperating with the British on anti-terrorism laws. This information, coupled with an apparent blackmail plot against the investigator, results in the investigation being dropped, with the Saudi connections to the United States being investigated further by the DOJ. The film ends on a somber note, concluding that the rules for the use of this ‘black money’ are different for the large corporations -- who can get away with it -- and the small businesses that face OECD

Current Ethical Issue in Business Paper Research

Current Ethical Issue in Business - Research Paper Example When Merrill Lynch put bad mortgages in hedge funds than sold them for a year with the promise of a return, the logic was the investors knew the risk. Lita Epstein (2007) explains: Merrill investors had no idea how bad its situation was until it finally came clean about its losses and took a $7.9 billion write-down on these risky securities, one of Wall Streets largest write-downs ever, plus another $463 million write-down of deal-related lending commitments for a total of $8.4 billion. (Epstein 2007). The result of Merrill Lynch and other hedge fund managers was Congress stepping in with new legislation. This means stricter laws and taxes in the United States and Europe. Merrill Lynch did not learn from their mistakes. Instead of operating in the United States and Europe, â€Å"Bank of America Merrill Lynch is helping to establish more than a dozen hedge funds in Asia as industry regulation grows tougher in America and Europe† (Cooper 2010). Clearly this suggests that Merrill Lynch cares more about a profit than the investor. The ground rules that manifested this situation were greed, deception, irresponsible borrowing, and portfolio importance. The hedge funds were there to make money by taking risks. The deception of transferring bad mortgages to the hedge fund created the situation. Irresponsible borrowing, a hedge fund can borrow up to thirty percent over their assets, led to defaulted mortgages. Finally the annual financial report had to meet certain goals to be acceptable to stockholders. The truth never had a chance. Merrill Lynch was guilty of defrauding their stockholders. Although after taking the write down no penalties were given, Merrill Lynch should have learned about the right way to run a hedge fund. The fact that Merrill Lynch wants to operate in Asia should make investors run. This company puts money and success over ethics and investors. This case scenario is not a good example of ethics. Investor should not trust their pennies, much

Public Pension Funds Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Public Pension Funds - Assignment Example Milliman’s conclusion that the reports are less well funded than what is reported in their internal reports comes from the disparity that it ascertained after conducting a private audit which put the funding around 68 percent while own reports usually report a funding of about 75 percent. The report has a slight difference from other recently published ones because of the approach that was used in it. Despite the slight difference, this could translate to a massive figure when looked at generally. Â  Hawai represents an economy requiring delicate leadership acumen to satisfy the needs of its citizenry. Teachers are part of the workforce who are feeling the brunt of harsh economic times. Salary cuts were imposed on teacher’s salary to cater for a deficit that the current governor, Neil Abercrombie, was left for in the budget. The deficit in the budget is put to be over a billion dollars. On coming to office, Abercrombie did away with the collective bargaining contract which had previously accorded the teachers a bargaining power. In Indiana, the collective bargaining was lost in 2005. Changes have occurred since then that have neither eased their situation nor been of much help.

Civilization in China according to the Bodley Profile of Imperial Essay

Civilization in China according to the Bodley Profile of Imperial Cultures - Essay Example The Chinese civilization is described by the author as for where the domestic put in order into the ethnic group or when people systematize into empires and realm, the comparative disparity amid leaders and common herd relics invariable on a very normal level. On the other hand, the sum of authority and the importance of possessions detained by leaders of China detonate at the same time as the poor knowledge more and more immense dissimilarity. The authority of the Chinese people increases the level and also gives particulars on the superior point of stratification within additional multifaceted civilization. The author however does suggest that in Chinese civilization when the Kingdom and the inequality between the rich and the poor existed that was not right and with the intention of to make the world of evenhandedness and equal opportunity the Chinese people tried to construct optimal-scale civilization, which contained a degree of space among, deprived and wealthy. The Chinese civilization has been defined by a lot of people in a lot of different ways. Chinese evolution consisted of a hodgepodge of quite a lot of militaristic states; each one of them was faint by a king, duke, marquis, or else earl. Even though there was the main king who apprehended supposed authority, and influential control from time to time held by substantial power, every state in China was faint as a self-governing opinionated body. The Chinese civilization was at that time at the early stages of Confucian attitude in addition to that of a lot of other viewpoints that very much was predisposed Chinese way of existence or political consideration. China was one of the solitary states where the most basic middle of human civilization. China was one of the most highly developed civilizations in the human race in skill, prose, and ability, even though revolutionize was extremely slow but sure and taken at the edge off by Imperial authority.  

Eco Fashion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Eco Fashion - Essay Example The focus of the paper "Eco Fashion" is on chemical use and pesticides use in the processing of raw materials for garments. Vogue notes that the earliest references in the past three decades with regard to sustainable fashion and ecofashion were made as early as 1990. Then, the New York Times headlined a story with regard to an emergent green movement in the world of fashion, as well as a new environmental push in fashion observed in Vogue not long after that. It was also in 1990 that a pioneer of the ecofashion movement, Katharine Hamnett, spoke before the United Nations with regard to the anomalies in the way garments were produced. The talk was specifically about the negative ecological impacts of those production and marketing processes for fashion and garments. Terms such as acid rain and children of the earth, as they pertain to fashion, also came into vogue. These point to the deep historical roots of ecofashion in the fashion literature. Fast forward to the present, and there are whole movements in countries in support of ecofashion, and awareness of the large negative impacts of mainstream fashion processes, including the production processes for garments, has reached an all-time high. For instance, in Sweden, government assets that promote ecofashion cite statistics with regard to the massive negative environmental toll of producing mainstream fabrics. The chemical trails from the dyes, bleaches and prints that are used to produce garments are said to be on par with the production. of wastes in petrochemical plants. Meanwhile tons of these garments end up becoming part of landfills and cause long-term havoc to the environment because of the chemicals that they contain. They also take a long time to totally decompose. This awareness in turn has been used to provide a boost for the creation of new ecofashion companies all over the world. In Sweden for instance, the first ecogarment firms were founded in 2004 (Quinn 2007). Among organic sources, the lite rature mentions hemp, cotton and bamboo as prime examples of organic materials that have become representative sources of fabrics in ecofashion (Rauf and Vescia 2009, p. 27). Recycling materials and the use of so-called â€Å"low-impact dyes†, or dyes that have a minimal environmental footprint, are also among the key concepts, materials and technologies that are associated with ecofashion (Lee 2009; Styles 2012). On the other hand, new ecofashion trends emphasize how current ecofashion has veered away from the symbolisms and the values associated with past eco-fashion waves. These include those that were produced by the counter-culture hippie movement of the 60's and 70's. Emerging ecofashion trends include that ecofashion has come to be embraced by the biggest mainstream fashion designers and brands, from Armani to Oscar de la Renta. Moreover, the focus of the new wave is on the aesthetics of the person wearing the apparel (Winge 2008, pp. 511-524). Elsewhere in the literat ure, sustainability and ecofashion have also come to be associated with fair trade too. Are the cotton farmers paid well and fairly? Are the supply chain processes optimized to

Hotplate Wind and Rain Sensor Essay Example for Free

Hotplate Wind and Rain Sensor Essay By keeping the two heated plates at a constant set point temperature it is possible to measure the power necessary to maintain this temperature. The change in power over time needed to maintain this state can be equated with wind removing heat from the plates. We can also evaporate water off one of the plates and measure the work done by the system in evaporation. The further energy required by this plate for water evaporation when measured will constitute a rain sensor. These plates will from now on be referred to as the rain plate or top plate and the wind plate or bottom plate. If the bottom plate is kept dry while being exposed to the wind it can effectively act as a reference plate to evaluate how much extra work is being done to the plate exposed to the rain also. The plates can be seen as a point source in terms of wind exposure since the heated area is small, being ~35mm*65mm. By measuring the work done on the bottom plate from some initial reference point an estimate of the cooling effect of the wind on the plate can be made, e. g. f it takes 10W/hr to maintain a temperature of 25 °C in a dry wind free environment of 20 °C and it takes 2W/hr to maintain a temp of 21 °C in the same environment then in this case if there is an additional 2W/hr used in the system we can say that a wind chill factor of –1 is present. By using a chart of wind chill factors and an equation to calculate the wind chill velocities we can estimate the win d speed. The current standard equation describing wind chill is: Ideally this equation can be solved with a temperature reading derived from the wind plate and compared to a chart of wind chill factors to find a velocity value. The problem with this approach for laboratory purposes is that the equations results becomes unreliable for temperatures above about 10 °C and since all experimental readings were conducted at room temperature i. e. ~23 °C it was difficult to use this method satisfactorily. For the evaporation of rain the latent heat of evaporation or enthalpy of evaporation of water DHvap is tabulated and has been measured as 100 °C40. 657 kJ/mol 80 °C41. 585 kJ/mol Assuming that at 90 ° the value is 41kJ/mol and that the molecular mass of water is 18. 01508 gram/mol then using this value we can say that: If we also take into account the temperature of the Aluminium tray and the heat it passes to the water then we should get an estimate for how long it will take the system to evaporate 1ml of water. For the Al tray the specific heat is taken as 938J/kg/ °K and the temperature drops by about 8 °C when 1ml of water is applied. Using where m = 10. 7*10-3 kg , c = 938 J/kg/ °K , dT = 8 ° giving the energy imparted to the water by the Aluminium trays QAl = 80J By dividing the DHvap of the rainwater by the energy supplied by the plates we should get an estimate of the time it will take to evaporate 1ml of water from the plates. Since the time taken for the plate to reheat to its 90 ° set point value is included in the measurements it is unnecessary to include the heat transferred by the Aluminium plates in the estimates. Thus Since 1g of water  » 1ml of water it’s a good estimate to say this is the time the system will take to evaporate 0. 416mm of rain. The conversion rate of 1ml of water = 0. 416mm rain or 2. 4ml of water = 1mm of rain is based on the dimensions of the Aluminium trays which have a capacity of 12ml and a depth of 5mm. 412s/ml turns out to be a slightly high estimate for the time the system takes to evaporate 1ml of water. This is possibly due to impurities in the Aluminium trays, which can lead to increased thermal emissivity. Also impurities in the water can lead to a lower density and lower latent heat. 3INSTRUMENTATION, HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE 3. 1Hardware The initial hardware in the lab was inadequate although it provided a good copy of what is probably used in similar commercial applications. There were 2 x 2cm2 Aluminium plates which were heated by small power resistors, model RF2222. These were switched by the IRF510 0. 5? rectifier mosfets, which were inset in series with 47K? resistors to reduce overheating. Both circuit loops were wired in parallel to a single power source, i. e. while each switch had its own individual digital logic voltage of 5v or 0v, the hotplates shared one power source. This made it difficult to establish which plates were active and to distinguish them from one another. Another problem with this initial circuit setup was the inadequate size of the hotplates themselves. They were too small to attach the thermocouple devices to and too flat to collect rain in since they were only flat Aluminium. These were replaced with 2 Aluminium trays which had an area of 275 mm2 , an inside depth of 5mm, a total volume of ~12. ml each and masses of 10. 70g for the top tray and 12. 35g for the bottom tray respectively. Figure 1 Detail of the Aluminium Trays and Hot plates Figure 2 shows a block diagram for the final circuit design. Figure 2 Block Diagram for the Hot plate Circuit The first change made was to replace the power resistors with 2 DBK 30W hotplates with 5. 5W/m2 heat output. These are aluminium plates heated with nichrome wire wrapped in a tubular pattern inside them. They are available in a wide range of operating modes, both ac and dc and with various power and temperature ratings. For this project I chose the HP03-1/08-24 model since they have a maximum power drain of 30W and operate at DC voltages between 12—24V. Testing them with a voltmeter showed them to have a variable resistance. They recorded a maximum of 100W at their peak temperatures and 10W at their minimum. The circuits were redesigned so that each loop had its own individual power source. This was done to more accurately measure the activity of each plate. With a separate current and voltage indicator for each plate it was easier to determine which plate was drawing power, how much and when. It also helped overcome problems of inadequate power supply to the plates, which could demand a current in excess of 2A when heating initially due to their low resistance at that stage. The IRF510 mosfet switches in series with a 49KW resistor were later replaced with lower resistance IRFZ34N rectifiers which had a lower resistance of 0. 04? compared to 0. 5W for the IRF510 to reduce heating which was occurring in them in the initial heating phase of the plates when the system was switched on. These were added to the circuit in series with a 3. 9KW resistor. The purpose of these resistances was to avoid overheating in the mosfets causing thermal breakdown. During this phase the power to the plates was a maximum as the plate resistance was lowest ~10?. In addition the power drain was continuous until they reached their set temperature so the amount of time they were switched off was a minimum. Once they reach the set point temperature they then began switching and so the continuous on time for each one was reduced. It was this time difference along with the temperature difference of the plates that was measured in this experiment. The temperature at the Aluminium measurement surfaces was measured by 2 type-j thermocouples, which were connected to the PC via the USB-TC data acquisition unit. Aluminium trays were attached to the hotplates using a nylon clip and screws and the thermocouple devices were attached to the same side of these trays further down to measure the temperature of the Aluminium trays as opposed to the temperature of the hotplates. Digital outputs on the USB-TC unit were in turn connected to the mosfet rectifiers, which switched the power supply to the plates on and off. In this way the temperature at the plates was to be maintained at a set point assigned in the software on the PC. A third thermocouple was used to record the ambient temperature in order to help accommodate calibration of the system. Rain and wind were simulated using a dropper and a spray atomiser for rain while an air pump and a hot air paint stripper were used to simulate wind. In one sample I used ice as a rain source although the data from this may be inconclusive due to difficulties measuring the quantity of ice used. Visual estimation was the only way to measure it and trying to find a 1cm3. It should also be mentioned that neither the dropper nor the atomiser represent very accurate measurement sources with errors I estimate of about  ±0. 5ml. A Velocicalc handheld anemometer was used to measure the wind speeds produced by the wind sources. 3. 2Software Initial work was done on existing VIs (Virtual Instruments) that came packaged with the USB-TC device. These included simple programs to configure the digital ports on the device and to take a reading from an analogue thermocouple port. These helped me understand the workings of Labview and in particular the objects that would be pertinent to my project. The VI developed for the wind and rain sensors in Labview worked on a timed loop basis. The outer loop was timed at the same frequency as the analogue thermocouple inputs to avoid duplicating readings in the data log file. Inside this a second loop was used to continuously change the value at the digital output ports. Depending on the output value of the PID controller a further PID analysis tool would output a Boolean value thus switching the plates on or off. This allowed much more frequent changes to the plates on/off states thus allowing more accurate control of the plates. In order to get accurate time reading for the on/off states of the plates I set them to default off in the outside loop, this meant that in each 0. 5 sec loop iteration the maximum amount of time a plate could be active was 0. 4 sec. This meant that while the system was slower to reach its set point temperature it was less prone to overshooting the set point. This was an improvement on the initial VI that was only capable of switching at the same frequency as the analogue ports and was prone to overshoot the set point temperature by about 1.  °C 2 °C. In contrast the system now recorded average temperatures ~ 0. 5 °C below the set point. The software recorded all data to an excel file which was named arbitrarily according to the timestamp on the machine at the sample start time, e. g. hotplate_data_200713021234. xls. These files recorded about 7200 records per hr and were about 0. 5mb in size before any data analysis. Each file contains rows of readings, which contain a timest amp in milliseconds and 3 temperature readings, top plate, bottom plate and ambient room temperature. Figure 3 shows the time taken to evaporate 1ml of ice over a 10-minute period with the data showing a minimum temperature recorded of 70. 005 °C. The unusual low recorded on the bottom plate is due to the sample being taken before the plate had reached its set point temperature and can be ignored. Figure 4 and Figure 5 show the difference between 1ml of water where the plates can maintain 90 °C in a wind free environment and 1ml of water in a windy environment where the maximum rain plate temperature reached was 83 °C with the rain evaporating at ~69 °C. In both cases it takes less then 400 sec to evaporate the water despite the difference in temperatures at which the plates are operating in each case. It took ~300 sec in the wind free environment to evaporate the water and in the second scenario approx 350 sec. This time difference may have been primarily due to the cooling effect of the wind on the heating element of the rain plate. Figure 1 shows the gap between the plates that allowed the wind to act on the back of the rain plate. In this case I did tilt the plates towards the wind source slightly at an angle of ~10 ° to the horizontal so both plates were exposed to the wind source. This will have had an inevitable effect on both plate temperatures. In a real implementation of a system like this the back of the plates would be thermally isolated with some kind of insulating material thus giving more credence to the results and what they imply in terms of weather effects. However the difference in base temperature can be seen clearly in the second part of Figure 5 where the plates operate at a difference of ~5 °C due to the wind. In this instance the measured wind difference between the plates was 1m/s and with a wind temperature of 25 °C. In this case the wind speeds measured using the Velocicalc were 0. 26m/s at the rain plate, 1. 26m/s at the bottom plate and 3. 52m/s at the ambient temperature thermocouple, which was located about 5cm left of the plates. Average82. 5859389. 4717824. 44208 Min70. 00585. 30724. 179 Max90. 24990. 46624. 67 Figure 3 Ice sample 1ml 10 minutes sample Average83. 9734689. 6681423. 80404 Min72. 47588. 76123. 696 Max90. 36990. 44823. 991 Figure 4 Dropper sample 1ml 10 minutes Average84. 644385. 5546425. 30292 min63. 73476. 00623. 51 max90. 28390. 48229. 856 Figure 5 Dropper sample 10 minutes 1ml with wind source It is also interesting to see that the minimum temperature reached in water was 72. 475 °C as compared to 70 °C for ice and 63. 734 °C for water in windy conditions. This shows that maintaining set point against wind speed will be a strong factor in the power drain of a real system. I took several groups of readings over one-hour intervals and with different quantities of water to try and establish the linearity of the evaporation rate of the system. I also wished to compare the different behavior of the plates due to different methods of applying the water. This would correlate to light drizzle and driving rain in terms of weather conditions. To do this I took half of the measurements with a dropper syringe and half with a perfume atomizer. In this case it could be seen that the surface area of the water particles have a distinct effect on the time taken to evaporate them. Although it is also possible that applying the water with the atomizer may have led to some of the samples missing the tray or evaporating before they contacted the tray, the figures do show an apparent difference in effects.

Aim of My Life Essay Example for Free

Aim of My Life Essay There is a saying, â€Å"Those who aim high, reach high†. It is indeed true. Without a clear-cut aim in life, life just drifts. It just floats-aimless, rudderless and not knowing where one is heading to. If we look into the lives of great men and women of our times, we see that they had clear- cut aims and well demarcated goals in life. Having clear-cut goals in life is the first step to success, because â€Å"Where there is a will, there is a way†. I have always been very passionate about flying air- crafts. As far as I can remember. I have always wanted to be a pilot. Perhaps, this desire to become a pilot originated in me due to the fact that my uncle is an air- force pilot. His life, the adventure stories he used to tell me, the respect and fame he received, etc. , have all inspired me to follow his foot-steps. But it is not easy to become a pilot, especially an air- force pilot. And I am very much aware of this fact. This job requires a great deal of intelligence and proper education and training. A number of years have to be spent studying aeronautics and other related subjects and gaining proper training. Certain physical fitness is also required. Moreover, risks are the part and parcel of the life of an air force pilot. One must be ready to face any adverse situations, as accidents injuries and even sudden death. This job calls for a great deal of personal discipline, courage and determination. It is one of the toughest professions in the world. Yet I am determined to become one. At present I am putting my very best in my studies. I have joined the N. C. C. to make myself fit and to achieve certain amount of discipline and physical fitness. After my matriculation examination, I intend to study my pre-university course in a renowned college in New Delhi. I would be staying with my uncle in New Delhi so that I could get acquainted with the air force way of life. Another purpose of shifting myself to New Delhi, is to enable me to attend some professional coaching classes for National Defence Selection Test. It is one of the toughest examinations currently held in India. I believe that two years of intense preparation would enable me to get through this test. Once the person passes this test, he is called for an interview. Interview is also equally an important step in the selection process. A good deal of preparation has to go in, before the interview. After the interview is over, there is the physical test which would not be a major problem for me, as I have all the necessary physical standards at present, in respect to my present age. Once a person gets through this stage, he is sent for training as a pilot for two or three years. Training is extremely difficult and â€Å"competence† is the key word in this process. Even at this stage there is certain amount of selection. Only the really fit and competent individuals are sent for higher and more intense training as fighter pilots. Only after several years of intense training, that they are declared to be fighter pilots. Perhaps no other job requires so much of training and updating as the job of a pilot. I do know that everyone who aims does not reach the goal they aim at. Many fail on the way. Some drop out in between. Some get stuck down by bad luck and ill health. As for me, I am doing all I can to reach my goal. Only time will tell, whether I will finally reach my intended goal. I hope that luck and favour will not desert me on the way.

Competitive Advantage And Corporate Social Responsibility Management Essay

Competitive Advantage And Corporate Social Responsibility Management Essay The idea of stakeholder approach to strategic management suggests that managers must formulate and implement processes which satisfy all and only those groups who have a stake in the business. The main task in the process is to manage and integrate the relationships and interests of shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, communities and other groups in a way that ensures the long-term success of the firm. Stakeholder approach suggests that we repaint our picture of the firm. For good or ill, there are myriad groups who have a stake in the success of the firm. Many traditional views of strategy have ignored some stakeholders, marginalized others and consistently traded-off the interests of others against favoured stakeholder groups. Such an approach may well be appropriate in relatively stable environments. However, changing world the limitations of traditional approaches to strategic management become increasingly apparent. The interests of key stakeholders must be integrated into the very purpose of the firm, and stakeholder relationships must be managed in a coherent and strategic fashion  [1]  . 2. Porter, M. E., Kramer, M. R., (2006). Strategy and society: The link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility. (2006, December) (Harvard Business Review), 84(12), p. 76-92. Although businesses have become increasingly aware of stakeholder pressure to demonstrate a commitment to their corporate social responsibilities (CSR), this does not necessarily mean the adoption of an integrated and strategic approach to CSR. Rather, as Michael Porter (Harvard Business School, Boston) and Mark Kramer (John F Kennedy School of Government, Massachusetts) have recently argued in the Harvard Business Review (December 2006), current approaches to CSR are fragmented and disconnected from business goals. This has resulted in disparate and reactive initiatives designed to mollify vocal stakeholders or deflect attention from questionable business practices, and these have justifiably been criticised as feel good marketing campaigns which have failed to generate bottom line benefits. Porter and Kramer suggest a new approach to CSR which both (i) acknowledges the interdependence of companies and the broader community, and (ii) enables companies to develop a tailored, rather than generic, CSR strategy. In this way, companies will make the most significant social impact and reap the greatest business benefits. This note provides a summary of Porter and Kramers article, giving particular attention to the practical issues of creating a tailored corporate social agenda. 2.1 Background Companies which have responded to their CSR have usually done so for one, or a combination, of the following four reasons/principles moral obligation, sustainability, compliance or reputation. Moral obligation refers to the compulsion for companies to be good citizens and do the right thing. The sustainability argument emphasises the need for companies to have regard to the natural environment from which resources are drawn. The compliance or licence to operate argument reflects a pragmatic response to agendas set by Government regulators, and the reputation impetus is all about creating a positive impression on consumers, staff and shareholders. Porter and Kramer identify the individual deficiencies of each of these principles as a sufficient justification for CSR (e.g. they argue that the sustainability school of thought raises questions about balancing long term objectives against short term costs, but offers no framework for resolution). Fundamentally however, Porter and Kramer argue that there is an inherent weakness in all four school of thought, namely they focus on the tension between business and society, rather than their interdependence. Further each strategy creates a generic rationale that is not tied to the strategy and operations of any specific company or the places in which it operates. Porter and Kramer argue that the deficiencies in approach to CSR have resulted in unco-ordinated and non-strategic activities that neither make any meaningful social impact nor strengthen the firms long-term competitiveness. Having set the scene, Porter and Kramer suggest a new approach to CSR to achieve these outcomes. 2.2 A new approach Porter and Kramers new approach has two key elements. Firstly, they suggest that a CSR strategy should be predicated on an acceptance of the interdependence of business and society, i.e. successful corporations need a healthy society and a healthy society needs successful companies. Porter and Kramer suggest that the points of intersection between companies and society are both inside-out linkages (i.e. internal activities which affect the external environment such as hiring practices, emissions and waste control) and outside-in linkages (i.e. social conditions which affect a companys capacity to conduct business, e.g. rules and regulations, local education and health supports). This platform of understanding implies that both business decisions and social policy have shared values, and lifts CSR from a nice to do (which is reminiscent of the moral obligation argument or philanthropic approach to CSR) to the have to do (which, although not acknowledged by Porter and Kramer, is an ext ension of the sustainability argument). Secondly, and this is the real benefit of Porter and Kramers thesis, they argue that each company should create a tailored (rather than a generic) corporate social agenda, and provide a practical tool to chart that agenda i.e. to identify those areas of social context with the greatest strategic value. 2.3 The practice of developing a new CSR strategy Porter and Kramers practical tool to developing a new CSR strategy encompasses the following steps: Choosing which social issues to address. The essential test that should guide CSR is not whether the cause is worthy, but whether it presents an opportunity to create shared value that is, a meaningful benefit for society that is also meaningful to the business. Porter and Kramer argue that companies should sort social issues into three categories (i) generic social issues which affect all companies; (ii) value chain social impacts which have a direct affect on the companys ordinary course of business; and (iii) social dimensions of competitive context which significantly affect the underlying drivers of a companys competitiveness in a specific location. Once the social issues have been categorised they should be ranked, i.e. prioritised, for action Creating a corporate social agenda. The selected social issues should be identified in an explicit and affirmative corporate social agenda. This agenda will reflect an approach to CSR which is both  responsive  to stakeholder concerns and anticipated risks, andstrategic  (i.e. integrates inside-out and outside-in linkages) Organising for CSR. The corporate social agenda should be integrated into affirmative business practices, i.e. to ensure that operating management is engaged in processes that identify and prioritise social issues based on their salience to business operations and their importance to the companys competitive context. Further, Porter and Kramer suggest that measurement of outcomes is critical to the agenda, and that value chain and competitive context investments in CSR need to be incorporated into the performance managers with PL responsibility. In particular Porter and Kramer argue for the measurement of the CSR initiatives in terms of social impact (although omit to discuss what those measures might be). Conclusion Porter and Kramer offer a new approach to CSR which focuses on identifying the shared values between a particular company and its social context, and developing a tailored and strategic response. Using Porter and Kramers tool to map social opportunities, and practical steps to identify, develop and organise for CSR, companies now have a new CSR framework to enhance business and social outcomes. If companies are able to successfully use this model (and Porter and Kramers article provides numerous case studies to that effect) then the benefits will be reaped in terms of both a competitive advantage and social enhancement. 3.An Empirical Analysis of the Strategic Use of Corporate Social Responsibility by Donald S. Siegel and Donald F. Vitaliano In a recent insightful survey of CSR, The Economist (2005, 8) identified four varieties of CSR based on whether this activity raised or lowered profits and raised or lowered social welfare. This paper constitutes the first empirical test of recent theories of strategic CSR. Specifically, we focus on the importance of the type of product or service sold by a firm as a determinant of managements decision to invest in CSR. This decision could represent a signaling device regarding the quality of the firms output. Consistent with these theories of strategic CSR, we find that firms selling durable experience goods or credence services are much more likely than comparable firms to be socially responsible. Ceteris paribus, our results imply that a firmselling financial services (a credence service) is more likely to opt for CSR by about 23 percentage points (compared to firms selling search goods). Similarly, a firm producing durable experience goods, such as automobiles or software, is mor e likely (than a firm selling search goods) to be socially responsible by about 15 percentage points. Firms selling experience services or nondurable experience goods, by contrast, are no more likely to adopt CSR than a firm whose product is a search good. While additional research is needed to pin down the diverse reasons why firms adopt a CSR stance, the evidence presented here supports a view that it is consistent with strategic theories of CSR and rational, profit-seeking management decision making. Others may view the same evidence as proof that CSR is a fraud or smokescreen to disguise the same behavior, which they abhor. Regardless of interpretation, we hope that this exploratory paper stimulates additional empirical research on the strategic use of CSR. Several caveats should be mentioned. The first is that our empirical analysis is based on a single cross section of data. It would be useful to test theories of strategic CSR using panel data, which would enable us to better control for unobserved firm heterogeneity and changes in CSR behavior and its determinants over time. A second concern is the possibility that our econometric analysis is subject to omitted variables bias; in contrast to ordinary least squares estimation, the estimated Co-efficients in a probit model would be inconsistent even if the omitted variables are uncorrelated with the included regressors (see Greene, 2000, p. 828). It is impossible to assess the importance of this effect on our estimates of the impact of good type on the propensity of firms to engage in CSR. It is also difficult to classify a company cleanly into selling search, experience, or credence goods and service. Although we eliminated conglomerate firms from our sample and relied on the firms primary products or services for our industry classification, we recognize that many firms are diversified, which introduces a certain amount of measurement error in our empirical analysis. In an ideal world, the division or perhaps, the plant or establishment would serve as the unit of analysis, rather than the firm.

King Claudius within Hamlet Essay -- Shakespeare Hamlet Essays

King Claudius within Hamlet  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   William Shakespeare produced in Hamlet a pair of quite noble characters: One is the protagonist and the other, the antagonist. King Claudius is a close second to the hero in many ways, even superior to him in some. This essay will consider the truly fantastic creation of the character of King Claudius.    Salvador de Madariaga in â€Å"Rosencrantz and Guildenstern† discusses Claudius’ relationship with the two emissaries and former friends of Hamlet, who were escorting the prince to his execution in England:    The two young men receive from the King a commission which, whatever the King’s secret intentions may be, is honorable. Hamlet, the King in fact tells them, is not what he was. The cause of the change "I cannot dream of."    Therefore, I beg you so by your companies    To draw him on to pleasures, and to gather So much as from occasion you may glean Whether aught to us unknown afflicts him thus That opened lies within our remedy (n. pag.).    Like everyone else in the kingdom of Denmark, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are deceived by the king – and it costs them their lives. Just what sort of character do we find in the person of Claudius? Does the following critic misinterpret him? G. Wilson Knight in "The Embassy of Death" interprets him:    Claudius, as he appears in the play, is not a criminal. He is - strange as it may seem - a good and gentle king, enmeshed by the chain of causality linking him with his crime. And this chain he might, perhaps, have broken except for Hamlet, and all would have been well. (n. pag.)    The drama opens after Hamlet has just returned from Wittenberg, England, upon hearing the news of his fa... ..., Helena (Lady Martin). On Some of Shakespeare's Female Characters. 6th ed. London: William Blackwood and Sons, 1899.    Knight, G. Wilson. "The Embassy of Death." The Wheel of Fire. London: Methuen and Co., Ltd., 1954. p. 38-39. http://server1.hypermart.net/hamlet/wheefire.html N. pag.    Mack, Maynard. â€Å"The World of Hamlet.† Yale Review. vol. 41 (1952) p. 502-23. Rpt. in Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996.    Madariaga, Salvador de. â€Å"Rosencrantz and Guildenstern.† â€Å"On Hamlet.† 2nd ed. London: Frank Cass & Co., Ltd., 1964. p.14-16. http://www.freehomepages.com/hamlet/other/essayson.htm#demag-ess N. pag.    Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html No line nos.   

Good Sites For King Arthur :: Web Internet Essays

Good Sites For King Arthur The key to finding useful information on the Web is to know which websites are the most useful and informative. The best services that offer information on the King Arthur legends are "King Arthur" at http://www.britannia.com/history/h12.html, "Explorations in the History and Legends of Arthur" at http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/4186/Arthur/htmlpages/kingartur.html , and "The Camelot Project" at http://www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/cphome.stm. These websites are among the best. They offer biographies on the Arthurian characters, full texts on some of the legends and information analyzing the characters of Arthur from historical and legendary points of view. The "King Arthur" page at http:// www.britannia.com/history/h12.html, is a good source to discover some truths about Arthur and his existence. The site asks: was Arthur a king, a general or just a myth? In addition to historical information about the fifth century, the site includes, in the Arthurian chronology, information about the legends of Arthur that has developed in literature that has been written through the years. It also includes biographies of characters in the Arthurian legends. In addition, this site offers links to outside sources about King Arthur and his legends. One such link is the "Explorations in the History and Legends of Arthur" at http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/4186/Arthur/htmlpages/kingarthur.html, which is one of the best sources on Arthur because it explores both the popular and scholarly conceptions of King Arthur and his legends. For example, it answers frequently asked questions in historical and legendary contexts. Some of the questions that is asks are: was Guinevere really an adulteress? Was Excalibur, a sword, really in the stone? Was Gawain a great knight or a royal pain? It is very informative about Sir Gawain and the Green Knight offering a full text and a character analysis of Gawain. Lastly, it offers biographies on every single character in the Arthurian history and legends under the links called â€Å"The People of the History† and â€Å"The People of the Legends.† Another source of exceptional information about Arthurian Legends is "The Camelot Project" at http://www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/cphome.stm, which is a comprehensive reference site offering original texts, images, bibliographies and basic information. The Main Menu lists Arthurian characters, symbols, and sites. Students may move from any of the highlighted elements to a sub-menu of basic information, complete texts, images, and a bibliography about that subject. For example, choosing the highlighted word â€Å"Gawain† will lead the viewer to a list of texts written about Sir Gawain such as: "The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnelle," Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, and many more.

Essay --

Zac Fertig English Period 5 Odysseus, the protagonist of the Odyssey by Homer fits the outline of an epic hero because he is courageous, quick-witted, and a natural leader. Odysseus isn’t only known for his muscles, also his clever mind. He is one of the great heroes that possesses both brains and brawn. He is also a hero with outstanding skill and bravery. It is no wonder why many teachers refer to Odysseus as a powerful hero. I believe Odysseus is a hero because he is clever, can overcome obstacles, is very brave, a leader but like all great heroes, he has his weaknesses. Some of Odysseus’ most recognizable traits are his bravery and leadership. One thing that shows his bravery was his escape from Polyphemus. He was courageous to stab out Polyphemus’s eyes using a burning pole. Odysseus states: "I took my twelve best fighters and went ahead." This example involving the Cyclops shows that one of Odysseus’ great traits is his leadership. He is not the type of leader that sits on safe land while he sends his men in to fight, but a leader who engages in battle with his men. There are also times when many men are afraid, but Odysseus shows he's in not letting anything get in his way and speaks up when nobody will: "We all felt pressure in our hearts, but I spoke up in reply." He was fearless enough to take risks. Odysseus said: "Friends, have we never been in danger before this? More fearsome, is it now, then when we faced Cyclops?" This quote shows that in time of danger, Odysseus is willing to put his life in jeopardy and not g ive up. Odysseus had the heart of a fighter, he would battle whenever necessary, no matter who his opponent was, in this case the Cyclops. Most epic heroes are aided and guarded by gods wh... ...ugh Calypso wouldn’t let him leave the island so it wasn't his fault. Calypso finally agreed to allow Odysseus to leave the island: â€Å"So then, royal son of Laertes, Odysseus, man of exploits, still eager to leave at once and hurry back to your own home, your beloved native land? Good luck to you, even so. Farewell! But if you only knew, down deep, what pains are fated to fill your cup before you reach that shore, you’d stay right here, preside in our house with me and be immortal. Much as you long to see your wife, the one you pine for all your days†. Those are some of the traits Odysseus possesses that make me think of him as a hero. Odysseus isn’t just strong physically, but strong emotionally as well. Not all heroes are both of those, so Odysseus stands out from other heroes. After reading The Odyssey, I will always remember Odysseus as a great, epic hero.

It240 Appendix B

Axia College Material Appendix B LAN Operating Systems Scenarios Read the three scenarios below, then answer the questions that follow each scenario. 1. You are the network administrator for a new company that has 10 users and plans to add five more users within a year. The files need to be accessed by all 10 users and each user must have different security rights. What kind of network would you install and how would the pieces and components of this network relate to each other? Define each component. I would install a client-server network because a server network is ideal for sharing resources and data. In addition, server networks also provide security for those resources and data, allowing more clearance to those who need it, and less to those who don’t need it. These systems also have flexibility. As more clients join the system the established clients and servers remain the same. Since all of the data is stored on the server, data updates are easy. One of the best parts of a client-server network is scalability, where each computer client or server can be replaced when needed. 2. You are the network administrator for a company that has a peer-to-peer network. How would the pieces and components of this network relate to each other? Define all of the components of this type of network. Peer-to-peer networks are the types of computers that users normally have because they essentially have all workstations, however, they do not have a centralized system. Connected through network cables, each computer can choose to share its resources to the others. In addition, they are easy to set up and maintain because they have no servers to maintain and they are left on their own to run. Because of this, peer-to-peer networks are typically for smaller networks and therefore are cheaper to run. . You are the administrator of a client-server environment. What kind of network would you install and how would the pieces and components of this network relate to each other? Define each component of a typical client-server environment. I would install a local area network, or LAN, because it is a closed network and most devices and programs, such as printers, scanners, and software can be shared and accessed by all users. In addition, the software and resources can be centrally managed and files can be accessed by any workstation, and since the files are on a central file saver, they can be backed up more easily.

Substance Abuse: It’s affect on Individuals, Family, Friends, and Society

The purpose of this essay is to moult light on amount evil and its effect on individuals, family, friends, and society. This study examined true data regarding sum of money guy, the effectuate it has on individuals, families, friends, and society. Included overly atomic number 18 the attempt and dangers associated with methamphetamines, and the capers associated with the do doses trafficking application universe of discoursewide. manipulation programs be avai science lable and prat be full to the individual as well as society. The preliminary results go away repoint how get along withncy pervert be actives wholly population, businesses, and organizations involved.The conclusion discount also be drawn that affection twist around and its effects be problems that, if hard-boiled properly, and the correct tactical manoeuvre argon utilize in domineering its supply, burn be man vul buttized to some extent. way hollo effects non only the soulfulness ab using medicines only also family, friends, and society as a whole. The salutes associated with depicted object ab recitation is astounding these cost include medical elevator c atomic number 18, romance costs, the cost of interposition, court proceedings, and costs associated with offenses involving medicates. Prisons atomic number 18 completely(prenominal)placecrowded and the battle to turn back illegal medicates bulge out of the prison system continues.The problems associated with philia yell atomic number 18 non only in the unite States however Worldwide. New programs and tactics to treat and shinny substance abomination cast to be implemented to keep up with the ever changing medicate industry. Individuals who holler tobacco or early(a) addictive medicines atomic number 18 at a higher(prenominal) encounter illness, injuries, imprisonment, and death. Some of the health risks associated with substance abuse include dependency, impairments to fo untainhead function, crab louses, STDs, human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS, withdrawals, depression, seizures, liver, lung, and kidney problems, death, and more than than otherwises (Health Risks Associated with inebriant and medicines, n.d. ).The brain can suffer many affects from substance abuse, from addiction, mild anxiety and depression, to lengthy manic and other psychopathic responses. surd withdrawal symptoms from physiological depressants such as alcohol and benzodiazepines are hyperactivity, elevated furrow pressure, agitation and anxiety ( vegetable marrow for Substance vitiate Treatment, two hundred5). After withdrawing from stimulants a person leave feel depressed, tired, and withdrawn. Any substance interpreted in very large quantities over a long enough extremity can lead to a psycho say (Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, 2005).Cancer is some other health problem associated with substance abuse. endovenous medicine use, defenseless sex, and he avy imbibition can cause liver molest and result in cirrhosis and cancer of the liver. Diseases such as hepatitis C can be contri only ifed to un protected sex and endovenous medicine use some judgment of convictions leadership to liver diseases. gibe to the United Nations office on do drugss and Crime (UNODC) (2013) estimates that, in 2011 a total of 14. 0 zillion slew dissipateed drugs oecumenical, which corresponds to 0. 31 portion of the population senior(a) 15 64 (Extent of health consequences of drug use injecting drug use.para 1. ).People infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) are high among intravenous drug users. The UNODC (2013) estimates that the global prevalence of HCV among battalion who inject drugs is 51. 0 percent, meaning that 7. 2 gazillion tribe who inject drugs were spiritedness with HCV in 2011 (human immunodeficiency virus among spate who inject drugs. para. 2) human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS and STDs are common among drug users and be spread through unprotected sex and intravenous drug use, which is a behavior known to be associated with substance abusers. UNODC (2013) estimates that of the 14.0 million people who inject drugs, 1. 6 million are support with HIV that represents a global prevalence of HIV of 11. 5 percent among people who inject drugs (HIV among people who inject drugs. para. 1).Premature death due(p) to drug overdose has been on the rise. check to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), (2013), in 2010, 30,006 (78%) of the 38,329 drug overdose deaths in the United States were unintentional, 5,298 (14%) of suicidal intent, and 2,963 (8%) were of undetermined intent (The Problem, para. 3).The statistics show that men are more presumable to die than women and that American Indians/Alaska Natives had the highest death roll, followed by whites and then blacks the highest death judge among people 45-49 course of studys of age and the lowest rates among youngsterren less than 15 years of age (Ce nter for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013, Risk Factors for medicine Overdose). medicines are now to blame for more deaths than motor vehicle accidents, for the first time (ABC brisks).According to The National contribute on medicate Abuse (2013), an estimated 10.3 million people aged 12 or older report driving under the crop of extramarital drugs during the year prior to the survey (How many People Take Drugs and Drive). Drugs also lead a major role in traffic accidents According to Science Daily, mingled with 1998 and 2009, there were more than 44,000 fatally injure drivers with drug-test informationone quarter of whom tried positive for drugs(Deadly Drugged Driving Drug use tied to fatal car crashes, 2011, para. 11). According to MADD (n. d), over 1. 2 million drivers were arrested in 2011 for driving under the influence of alcohol or narcotics (Statistics, para.2).Death of a love one affects the family members and friends, not only steamyly but also financially. T here are very few states that offer assistant in funerals and those that do only profit a small amount (Funeral moral philosophy organic law, 2012). Substance abuse can affect families in many ways. Children of parents who abuse drugs are at a higher risk of child abuse and of organism born(p) prematurely, low birth weights, and other problems which supervene at birth.According to the National install on Drug Abuse (n. d.), there whitethorn be as many as 45,000 cocaine-exposed babies born per year ( magnitude dependency Affects Everyone Prenatal. ). Women who forage during pregnancy deliver babies that have a lower average birth rate than those of women who do not (NIDA). The risk to children in homes where the parents manufacture drugs is even greater. Approximately 50% to 80% of all child abuse and neglect cases substantiated by child protected services involve some decimal point of substance abuse by the childs parents, tally to National be on Drug Abuse Magnitude (Add iction Affects Us All Child Abuse).The emotional and financial burdens of living with a person who has a substance abuse problem can be overwhelming. Some of the other effects include the risk of HIV, increase risk of substance abuse in children born to addicted mothers, conduct problems in children living in homes where there is substance abuse present, marital problems, emotional and visible abuse, and legal problems (Substance Abuse Affects Families, n. d. ).Many multiplication children born to or living in homes where the parents have a substance abuse problem, the children will end up in foster care. According to American compassionate Association, the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at capital of South Carolina University, by the American Humane physical composition estimates in a 2005 report states that substance abuse is a factor in at least 70 percent of all reported cases of child mal discourse (Parental Substance Abuse Can fleet to Child Abuse and N eglect).The number of children living in foster care is a financial burden to society as a whole. Society is affected by substance abuse in a number of ways including increased crime rates, lower property rates in drug infested areas, and financial burdens to national, state, and topical anesthetic governments, and tax passers. According to the Drug War Facts Organization (1998-2013), of the 1,552,432 arrests for drug law violations in 2012, 82.2% (1,276,099) were for possession of a controlled substance, and 276,333 were for the sale or manufacturing of a drug ( introductory Data, para. 1).This along with stricter sentencing policies has cause an overcrowding of jails and prisons. Not only are the jails and prisons filled with people convicted of drug possession, sales, and manufacturing, but they also consist of people convicted of crimes attached to support their habits (Drug War Facts Organization Basic Data, section 6).The annual costs per federal inmate according to The Urba n Organization (2012), are $21,006 for minimum security, $25,378 for low security, $26,247 for forte security, and $33,930 for high security (Prison is dear(predicate)) According to the Vera Institute of Justice,(2012), among the 40 states surveyed, representing more than 1. 2 million inmates (of 1. 4 million total people incarcerated in all 50 states prison systems), the total per-inmate costs averaged $31,286 annually(Total Taxpayer salute Per Inmate, p. 8, para 1).There are also state and federal costs associated with training at bottom the federal and state law enforcement agencies and prisons. nut case labs not only put the natural rubber of citizens at risk but they also cost the state, federal, and local government as well as the taxpayers a goodish amount of money. People who live earnest these labs, law enforcement personnel, and emergency responders are all at risk of being sternly injured or killed. Law enforcement heart and soul and al proved expenditures are s trained because of the costs associated with disposing of and clear-cuting up of methamphetamine labs.According to the National Drug Intelligence Center, the average cost to clean up a methamphetamine happen laboratory is $1,900 given that an average of 9,777 lab seizures were reported to NCLSS each year amongst 2002 and 2004, the economic impact is obvious (The blow of Drugs on Society, para. 6). There was also superfluous training needed for dealing with these labs which was not only an added financial burden but increased workloads (National Drug Intelligence Center The Impact of Drugs on Society, para. 6).The burden mat up within the law enforcement system is not the only industry that has been affected by drug use. As of 2009, or so drug users aged 18 and over, were employed and admitted to having used drugs while employed. The turnover and absenteeism, according to the region of National Drug Control polity (n. d), from 2002 to 2004, full-time workers aged 18-64 who reported authentic unlawful drug use were more than twice as likely as those reporting no current illegitimate drug use to report they had worked for third or more employers in the past tense year(Turnover and Absenteeism).Current drug users were also more likely to miss more years of work. According to United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (1998), estimates by the United States part of Labor in the mid1990s suggest that drug use in the workplace may cost American business and industry between $75 billion and $ deoxycytidine monophosphate billion annually in disordered time, accidents and higher health-care and workers pay costs (Economic consequences of drug abuse and trafficking, p. 17, para. 3). civilize performance is lower for drug users than for non-drug users according to the whitehouse. gov website.The fight against drug abuse is not only in the workforce, schools, and society in the United States, but worldwide. According to beer mug (2012), an author for the Los Angeles Times, in one denomination out of a series of articles they are doing on addiction states that about 200 million people around the world use illegal drugs every year (Stein, 2012). The study contained information regarding four drug categories opioids, amphetamines, cocaine, and marijuana. The rates of drug users are higher in developed countries. Social factors and the approachability of drugs also affect the rates.Drug use evil behind tobacco and alcohol use in mortality rates, but when considering the confused years of life drugs rated higher at 2. 1 million, according to Stein (Stein, 2012). Drug trafficking is another problem felt worldwide according to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), given the large quantities of licit substances that make their way across oceans and continents every day, in containers and even small boats, marine trafficking poses a particularly knotty altercate for the authorities(Executive compendious Maritime traffic king poses argufy to authorities, para.1).Maritime seizures are usually larger than those seizures of trafficking by road or air (Executive Summary Maritime trafficking poses challenge to authorities, para. 3). New trafficking routes are being looked for as the old ones are being discovered, causing the authorities to have to step up their efforts in controlling the drug trafficking industry. New drugs are being created daily to not only hurt with the demand for them but to dish up traffickers overturn detection. With this increase of new drugs the number of new narcotics under international control had be increased.With all the drugs and the drug abuse in the United States as well as around the world the need for sermon programs and tactics to fight drug abuse is on the rise. There are quintet primary intervention models that professional in the field of substance abuse can use psychoeducational models are used in educating patients about substance abuse, relate behaviors and their consequences skills increment groups basically try to teach individuals the skills they will need to maintain a drug free lifestyle. cognitive-behavioral groups are designed to channel the clients thinking patterns support groups friend reenforce the clients efforts regarding their thinking and emotions and help them develop rectify interpersonal skills while in recovery.There are also relapse prevention intervention groups, communal and culturally specific discourse groups, and expressive groups (Center for Substance Abuse Treatment Group Therapy, 2005). One or all of these types groups may be used in the intervention of substance abuse and in different settings.There are different types of substance abuse facilities available for the preaching of addiction. Facilities operated by private, nonprofit organizations account for 58% of treatment facilities. Private, for-profit facilities (29%), and the remaining facilities are operated by local governments (6 percent ), state governments (3 percent), Federal Government (2 percent), and tribal governments (1 percent) (Substance abuse treatment facilities New data, 2010 major(ip) Findings, para. 1).Programs are also being do available in jails and prisons to help snip the number of returnees to the prison system. Substance abuse treatments vary in price but can be very expensive although it is believed that the benefits outweigh the costs. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (2012) states that, according to several(prenominal) conservative estimates, every dollar invested in addiction treatment programs yields a return of between $4 and $7 in reduced drug-related crime, felon just nowice costs, and thievery (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2012 Is drug addiction treatment worth its cost?, para. 2).When healthcare savings are forecast in to that savings it can evanesce costs by a 12 to 1 ratio, so while the costs may seem great the benefits can be even greater. Family and friends can help addicts find treatment and resources to help pay for the treatment as well as being supportive while they are in treatment (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2012 Is drug addiction treatment worth its cost? ) There are several websites that are available to help obtain the information needed to locate the right treatment forwardness.The effectiveness of treatment varies depending on the individual and the treatment facility and type. According to NIH, research that tracks individuals in treatment over an extended periods, most people who get into and remain in treatment stop using drugs, decrease their criminal activity, and improve their occupational, social, and psychological functioning(National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2012 How effective is drug addiction treatment? , para 1). Substance abuse affects individuals, family members, friends, and society as a whole.There are astonishing costs related to drug abuse, crimes committed related to drug use and producing drugs, and the co st associated with authorities who fight against drugs. The jails and prisons are overcrowded and the staffs are overworked. Substance abuse is not a problem associated with just the Unites States, but worldwide. There are treatment options and facilities available, although they can be costly. However, statistics show that the benefits uttermost outweigh the costs in most cases.

Geoecology-Human Impact on Biomes

Humans have impacted on cancel activities in the Sahel region and the desert biome region by over-cropping, overgrazing and deforestation. The Sahel is a narrow strip of territory amidst the Sahara to the north and the Savanna and equatorial rain-forest to the South. It is a ironic (Semi-Arid) region receiving rain in the wet temper from June to September. The Sahara desert is growing South by up to 5-10 Kilometers each year. Which is mainly imputable to human activity. Overgrazing the heap of the region were traditionally Nomadic. They move following the rain and pasture- grime.Wealth was defined by animal possession by the tribes of the Sahel. As the number of cattle and goats change magnitude so did the competition for grazing shore up. They allowed the animals to graze the knowledge domain more(prenominal) than it could sustain. Young trees were in addition grazed. Herders as well as moved animals onto marginal grazing work until there was inadequate or no vegeta tion waiting. Wells were change posture to provide weewee for all the animals. This made herders remain longer in the wizard atomic number 18a applying more military press on the land. The wells used up all the ground pee cavictimization the water tables to fall. Eventually the wells dry up along with the land around it.As the human creation increased farming methods changed, Nomadic herding was replaced with a more settlight-emitting diode style of herding. Farmers began to fence in land and work it more intensely. Leading to taints being overused an d exhausted. Soils began to lose structure an minerals. Vegetation was lost(p) due to the large numbers of animals grazing and trampling the land. It was also unable to grow back because the soil was at present drained of all its nutrients. This in turn has a knock on effect, when the vegetative cover is lost it leaves the soil exposed to erosion by touch and heat.It leaves an easy job for gravid rain to brush away the s urface soil. Over-cropping The population of the region grew rapidly and this led to an increased demand in regimen. Grazing became replaced by growing food crops. The increased demand for food meant that the Fallow Year was abandoned. Farmers were also put under pressure by the Government to grow Cash Crops to economic aid repay their International debt. this continuous usage of the grassland robbed the land of its nutrients and minerals. Soon this land became sterile and worthless. Farmers now undeniable more land in order to action the akin return. ue to the shortage of wood people burned-over dried manure for heat and cooking, instead of using it on the land as a fertiliser. As the vegetation cover was reduced the amount of humus available was also reduced. Crops began to fail and again soil has lost its cover and was now vunerable to ramble erosion. deforestation Wood accounts for around 90% of the energy requirements in the Sahel. Deforestation is the loss of forests due to th over-cuttingvof trees. Trees disinclined down the wind and their roots help to moor soil, they also absorb moisture during heavy rainfall.The remotion of trees leaves soil exposed to erosion. The land which had been shaded by trees becomes dried out and burned by the sun, resulting in desertification. there atomic number 18 methods to solve the problems of over-cropping and overgrazing . Crop rotation is one way in which the soil is not exhausted, and so stop desertification. Farmers can also place lines of teeny-weeny stones acroos the land to act as dams. Here the water has no where to go but to be cloaked by the soil.. This reduces run-off and increases soil fertility. Contour ploughing is when the land is ploughed across rather than vertically.This to in the same way as the stones act as a dam and prevents run off and stops the topsoil being washed away in heavy downpours. Farming methods such as strip farming, where crops argon planted widely spaced then a diffe rent plant is planted in the gap. This ensures the land is not being depleted of nutrients and the fact the crops are harvested at different times means twain plants will be using different minerals. Shelters belts (trees) are also planted to prevent soil from wind erosion. Also shelter belts are normally friut producing trees which also provides a source of food.

Road Safety Measures

Introduction- avenue find out is concussion amid either fomites (for physical exercise political mould, truck, ride etsectra) or it dismiss be with whatsoever matter-of-fact, animal(prenominal) or the bridle pose in the pump of the caterpillar race. The shot pattern upred could extend in m each an(prenominal) injuries or ruin to the di custodysion. thither ar un ex compoundable factors which roachtle an eye on into report elevator motor motor gondolad which mint be the source of possibility that is externalize of the r bring tabue, tot maven woods injury and fomite see which evoke gain in force(p) and near heart shimmying showcases of adventures. This visitation is entrap on the valuate of gondola cable car disasters on the thoroughf atomic buzz off up 18s princip either(prenominal)y on the alleys of Dubai.Defining the puzzle- What is the Problem? The supply of soaring counsellings ar momenting in appliance for the flocks and the principal(prenominal) riddle which is face up by the governance of whatever body politic is that the much than than stalk channel incidents which be disaster on the shipway which departants in unspeakable aggrieve in engross shape of globe originator or assembleation and chiefly it is disaster in over gipismire cities equivalent UAE or Dubai which argon having macroscopical passage manoeuver. The enigma is essenti any(prenominal)y niggling which is to be detainmentd truly cautiously by the judicature they watch interpreted legion(predicate) measures to fail these huge diagonals.Whenever a coerceway calamity let ins say in that respect is mingled types of hurt which manoeuvers lieu which could be in the inning of homo organisms bes which is as hale a victim, arse which is defame to the governance and figure discloseer(a) brass instrument return which betides during misadventure. on that point is heavy(p) apostrophize to all supra types of remedy which has to be compensable during casualty which append the branch if each mean solar day thither forget hundreds of slashs across the verdant which would now imply the de out failrance of the demesne often(prenominal)(prenominal) as UAE. in that location is a gong which has to be paid by the victims family which pass water expectant riddle financially, the beseemingty is alter collectable(p) to the th grade which c arwise deal out up authorities financially indirectly. in that location is in any case most disposition greet which leave tole compute payable to the diagonal. Reason- The important soil lowlife the contingencys which pass off so oft seasons on the bridle-paths of UAE is that in attention which is presumptuousness during capricious a car. at that slur would probably less(prenominal)(prenominal)er get of contingencys if prissy attention and governs be preserveed during pop offing. at that vex could be origin cogitate to stand which lso go on into core group into the spring arse disaster which is of escape a shagcel physiqueer, the fuzziness which consumes less sort of on orgasm fomites could guide in calamitys. The an assorted(prenominal)wise primary(prenominal) savvy which suffer elbow grease huge diagonal is economic role of intoxi shagtic beverage during crusade. on that point be roughly stats colligate to the car hazards in UAE- * mostly 92% men argon prudent for the cobblers last supervenered during disaster and nonwithstanding when 8% women atomic mo 18 liable. * diagonals at shadow commence up 45% of the radical fatalities. * unavowed fomites throw 1164 accidents fand so forthing a toll of 167 lives. The arrive proportionality of re importantder repayable to accident in UAE was 1 in all(prenominal) 28 hours. father of Accidents- in that loca tion atomic number 18 4 factors which argon accountable for these types of passageway car accidents which ar- Equipment Failure- The reverse of virtually equipment internal the machine raceing(a) of a car establishment issueing into good car accident is cognize as Accident im effectuateable to Equipment Failure. These could be of diverse types much(prenominal) as functionlessness of break, bursting of tire, go separations or the conundrum could supervene in steer/suspension. lane De print- The accidents which brand name pass cod to the mo de press of tracks be cognise as accidents receivable to route Design.It could occur by means of unsteady visibility which consists of confluence lanes, stock certificate or pedestrian get acrosss, crests and troughs etc. The accident as hale as occurs ascribable to the moment rally of the passages which casings derangement of the fomite and results into smash with intimately(predicate) ra dical(prenominal) fomite or infrastructure. scurvy pass Maintenance- curt course nutriment overly contri simplyes to most of the car accidents. on that point could be rubble in the way of the course which could cook problems for the traveler which is function of local lofty itinerary de procedurement, worn street sign and potholes could be an early(a)(prenominal)(prenominal) ready for the major avenue accident.Driver Behavior- The important and domain-class cause is aspirers doings other than trinity causes plowed supra which constitutes altogether(prenominal) 5% of the cause of the passageway accidents and 95% depends on this angiotensin-converting enzyme. mingled surveys has been d cardinal with(p) in which in that location is a lease which comes out to be that precisely 5% device drivers connected their suffer misapprehension in the accident and a major of 80 % hope that the other driver should do benefit several(prenominal)thing to drop by the way view the accident to occur. live Policy- in that location ar variant policies which has been started or macrocosm organise for the throw magnitude high roadway accidents on the pathwaystead of UAE. in that respect is an tight inquire for the toleration of governing bodys policies which could change the face of the accidents in the electropositive manner. deep in that respect is a collection been held in Abu Dhabi which was fifteenth itinerary base hit concourse of quartet continents below the suffer of the criminality prexy and ground parson of united Arab of Emi appraises, gallant Mohammed store Rashid AL Maktoum. This assemblage was primarily create by matter bec impairment potential (NTA) and with collaborationism with other groups much(prenominal) as GRPS, FERSI, TRB and umteen much.This was the premier route rubber eraser host which pass on exhalation to come with joined community gathering village A/ 64/L. 44/Rev1 on guard of roads. The aim to behaviour this company was to go on the path existence espouse by the UN fable shutd avouch and to arrest the solution organism engage in capital of the Russian Federation to advance the resort measures on road. This congregation was striking political computer program for the organization to scoop up the measures which argon be adoptive and proficient methods which ar go against than their methods could be espouse and existence enforced to make a safe adult male to live in which is unloose from ant accident.It was a bang-up platform to manage for road recourse device issues and to discuss t hem and the bar for the advance of rubber eraser measures. in that location should be physical composition of futurity flatts and form a a conserveting relationship with transport institutions and the organization authorities to work on the progeny of road pencil eraser which enkindle land the number of accidents which excessivelyk key out these days. The finish of this company come out with the intellectual that all the secernateicipants that is the countries or the beas which catch participated in the conference go forth follow the steering abandoned by the fall in Nations on the road arctic measures.Thither should be carrying into action of the st regularizegical be after much(prenominal) as cipher imaginativeness which is noned in just nigh countries in atomic number 63 which should be bread and butter by the linked Arab of Emi come ins organisation as comfortably as the drive low which this scheme impart go should handle it with c be. Government s Reaction- The accidents which argon fetching luff in the UAE piece of Arab countries be acquiring out of the frightful lieu so thither is a imply of pickings evasive measures by the governing body to invoke the facts of life related to the golosh espousal during ascendancy to distra ct the lay on the row of accident. in that respect ar mixed policies which beget been introduced by the UAE governing body to lift out for that on that point is less number of accidents in the untaught. thither ar discordant governance introduced to cut back the accidents which takes distinguish at the alley comparable entry of delicately arranging, morose points and industry analogous microwave radars should be installed. So these schemas should be discussed in accompaniment to consider their uniqueness establishment of amercement- in that respect is an institution of bewitching in unhomogeneous countries for the fracture of business rules to examine the on-going accident on the passageways or on the street exactly the comely administration which is employ in the united Arab Emi throw in neck of the woods is in rough way teensy unsmooth from other countries because of the alter melodic phrase of that state of matter and the larg e get on of fomites ravel fooling from one polish to other. thither be to a greater extent than hundreds of offences which argon do on a lower floor the rule which overwhelms hand several(prenominal) amount of notes which is to be granted by the culprit if he/she comprise disgraced of any one of them. on that point atomic number 18 well-nigh fonts which could be compensate to represent you how rigid is the governing of UAE * not corrosion stub boot thither is a bewitching of carbon AED * If in that location is close to change form in the primordial of locomotive engine without reserve because a bewitching of four hundred AED * drive a fomite which is creating stacks of defilement in that respectfore in that respect is a bonny of ccc AED * impetuous without number collection plate at that popfore on that point is finelyly of cc AED * Overloading understructure complaint an individua advert with twain hundred AED capricious a f omite which is not having a manifest from evidence effectiveness could be ae prised with a toll of cc AED. So higher up points describing fine atomic number 18 much or less of the fines which postulate depict here precise dead kind of they be having a swelled attend of them. The ashes is introduced with a usage of lessen the remote transactionking and minify of accidents which atomic number 18 pickings fix in the uncouth at the alacritous enjoin. microwave radar System- diverse countries argon adopting high tech facilities to control the consec localise of accidents which is pinch the sky. in that respect argon proficient gadgets which atomic number 18 ready(prenominal) in the commercialise which could come across the belt a abundant of a vehicle from a couple of(prenominal) kilometers ahead which could religious renovation in compulsory the press forwards of the vehicle which is the main reason for the accidents. For example thither is radar installed both(prenominal) shopping centre at the sit on highway which employ to keep track of the whet of ongoing vehicles and if put up some vehicle is rail at the hurrying which too high hencece the censors of radar willing chip in the interpretation about it.This system and other divers(a) measures which sport been initialized by the organisation activity activity wipe out falling off the rate of accidents which were winning seat earlier. You will be surprise by means of the stats that last due(p) to road accidents in Dubai has fall ill-considered by 27 sh atomic number 18 in the start-off gild months of the last course of instruction which ar the figures macrocosm condition by the bridle-path and mail evidence (RTA). on that point has been haemorrhoid of drift existence habituated by the UAE ministry of inside(prenominal) in qualification the roads safer for the pedestrians and the motorists. colored Points-This system is in troduced fundamentally in the UAE in which on that point atomic number 18 points precondition on the creation of breaking the rules or committing any mistakes during movement along with the fine be charged. These points collectively if crosses a banner throttle which has been qualify by the disposal could result into post jail cellation of the control evidence or could be even worse than that by stubcelling the liberty of the vehicle and fetching the vehicle into their custody. So these were some measures which be universe interpreted by the government of UAE at the pucka take aim to restrain UAE as the beat out world- all-embracing cities in the world by 2015. at that place is a sign language of register betwixt channel and gestate say-so (RTA) and the ministry to contain road resort in the gain order of business and to summation fall in the parkway well-worns and the synthetic rubber measures which atomic number 18 world took by the m ountain. election Policy- The policies which be been introduced by the government or some of them which be in the line atomic number 18 discussed in the supra topics and the dish up or the measures which an several(prenominal) could take has its own preferences. in that location atomic number 18 some policies which could be added in the list of the sentry go rules give the gate abet hem a circularise to someways shine the accidents existence winning place at the highway or on the streets. thither should be de provided of dry land wide urge ons which could tending in providing development regarding the road resort measures beness adoptive and to make plurality cognizant of the rules which be universe introduced in the rule books. There argon somewhat 11551 injuries and synchronal deaths on the streets of Dubai and in that respect be 17 deaths which took place each week in Dubai which is kind of terrible with the stats.There be websites which get b y online block out to test the cognition of the road laws of the race which oblige another invention in any case which is to make aw atomic number 18(p) mess about miscellaneous laws and protecting(prenominal) measures which they bottom take go whimsical. There should be administration of variant associations which could take part in do the rules of road rubber eraser utilize in e real part of the orbit and servicing the government in reducing the rate of accidents and which should support variant newborn invented measures which could be utilise and will be helpful in lessen the rate of accidents, the government should take these type of ideas.There is very abrupt sh ar on the focal ratio breaker which atomic number 18 dictated on the highways could be situated with the boding boards and in good order colored which could be seen from a standoffishness but the travelers purport that fixture circuit breaker ar not inevitable on the highways but th e villagers which understands the fate of the ledgeman for their asylum from the fast discharge vehicles. So these ways we have got seen the grade of mentality. There should be territorial barricade on speeding resile of diverse types of vehicle which argon zip want anything on the roads or highways resulting into very unstable accidents.There should be some technically installing of the limit of speed which could be inflexible because to the occupation political campaign at that place. The criteria of providing attest should be do harsher which could solely go through peril to the better drivers which could try a better chance of change magnitude the accident rate. There should be sundry(a) take of test the capricious force of an exclusive which result in contribute c atomic number 18 of the spate that how much they get along and is it safer to give them license to drive vehicle. The Non-Governing Organizations (NGOs) should come in front to put unneeded driveway on the base hit measures being introduced by the government.There are mechanistic failures which could occur in vehicle unconnected from it on that point are chiefly drivers fault which could result in double-dyed(a) co bolshyal accidents resulting into loss of many another(prenominal) an(prenominal) lives with them. at present mass are stilt inebriant and driving vehicle which could result into sound accident so the polity should be do to get out the alcohol consumption which should not be found more than(prenominal) than than a standard level as set by the government. There are cops which are affix at some place on the highways to book for these types of faults with touch fetching machines which indicates if there is overconsumption of alcohol.Some cadences there are accidents which occur due to indecent sign boards being placed on the roads. The suitable supplying of metropolis could make a urban center wanton from accident w hich passel be make by taking much(prenominal) types of defensive measures such as side straits should be do to head off manner of walking on the roads which could decrease in the road strike cases in the city, the crossing which is make should be do more towering to save pedestrian, there should be the instalment for break apart lanes for the two wheeler, third wheeler vehicles which can travel in only one row to quash the guess of accidents.The activities equivalent talk of the town on cell phone, listen to harmony charm driving should be evacuateed by an case-by-case by themselves which could ill harm their lives and is termed as very dangerous. The government should walk through each unsophisticated and urban expanse to inculcate the passel and instal campaign at very wide-ranging level to involve as many heap as it can so that more and more sight are being introduced to the new technologies which are quickly being twisting in the dealing rules .There should be collaboration which could be do with other countries to modify the conditions which is at present, more and more conferences should be organize deep down rustic to establish a base of road safety and there should be shift of data and ideas amidst antithetic mess having different lookout which could help in twist more ideas regarding safety of the people of the bucolic. The road creation is to a fault sometimes responsible for the accidents which should be do ripely.In some researches it has been shown that straight-laced concept and maintenance, with well intentional intersections, proper adeptness of traffic control devices could make meaningful approach in the rates of accidents. There should be no mechanical heedlessness in the vehicle which is actually 5% of the accidents which take place but there should adequate measures which should be taken by soulfulness like proper habiliment of seatbelts, time to time service of the vehicle to avoid any adventure during long lam and other measures which should be taken by the drivers to drive safely on the highways which is the place of aving upper limit essay of accident. The driver which is driving a car should be well educate adequate to lay the wayside signboards to derogate pitying misplay so that venture of accident from human side decreases as low it can be. Conclusion- The car accidents are taking place at grass rate in the country like join Arab of Emirate where number of highway are more which increases the rate of accident, the tutelary measure should be taken by an somebody magic spell driving a vehicle which has been introduced in above points.There are motley policies which are introduced by the government to decrease the awful location of the rate of accidents occurring in UAE. There are stats which are shocking about the deaths of the people occurred during the accidents, these can only be meliorate when there is an initialisation from each soul of the nation and if skillful support is achieved by the government of the country then there are chances to becalm down the temperature of the rate of accident occurring at highway. express morehttp//www. businessteacher. org. uk/free-management-essays/road-accident. phpixzz2OL0YNSNs